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Bactericidal Antibiotics Mechanism of Action
Mechanism of action of bactericidal antibiotics
The mechanism of action of bactericidal antibiotics is related to the survival of microorganisms, and the pharmacology of medical medicine is also important.
First, the structure of breaking the cell wall. The cell wall is also the shield of microorganisms, protecting its shape and protecting its quality. Bactericidal antibiotics can block the synthesis of key components of the cell wall, such as beta-lactam antibiotics, which combine with penicillin-binding proteins in bacteria to block the synthesis of cell wall peptidoglycans. If peptidoglycans are missing, the cell wall is thin and brittle, and it is difficult to resist external osmotic pressure, causing the bacteria to swell and rupture and die.
Second, the ability to disturb the cell membrane. The cell membrane is the hub of material exchange and energy transfer inside and outside the cell. Some bactericidal antibiotics can change the permeability of the cell membrane, causing important components such as nucleic acid and protein in the cell to leak out. Such as polymyxins, whose molecular structure is lipophilic, can embed in the cell membrane, destroy the integrity of the membrane, and bacteria lose their nutrients and functions, eventually leading to apoptosis.
Third, disrupt the metabolism of nucleic acids. Nucleic acids, which carry the genetic information of microorganisms, are responsible for their growth and reproduction. Bactericidal antibiotics or inhibit enzymes related to nucleic acid synthesis, or combine with nucleic acids to change their conformation. Such as quinolones, which inhibit bacterial DNA gyrase, hinder DNA replication and transcription, and stop the proliferation of bacteria.
Fourth, the synthesis of inhibitory proteins. Proteins are the executors of microbial physiological functions. Bactericidal antibiotics can act on the bacterial ribosome and interfere with its translation process. Aminoglycoside antibiotics bind to the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, causing mRNA code to be mistranslated and abnormal proteins to be synthesized, causing the physiological function of bacteria to be disordered and unable to survive.
In summary, bactericidal antibiotics are a powerful tool for physicians to treat diseases and diseases through various mechanisms to overcome the reproduction of microorganisms. However, they should be used cautiously to avoid the risk of drug resistance.
The mechanism of action of bactericidal antibiotics is related to the survival of microorganisms, and the pharmacology of medical medicine is also important.
First, the structure of breaking the cell wall. The cell wall is also the shield of microorganisms, protecting its shape and protecting its quality. Bactericidal antibiotics can block the synthesis of key components of the cell wall, such as beta-lactam antibiotics, which combine with penicillin-binding proteins in bacteria to block the synthesis of cell wall peptidoglycans. If peptidoglycans are missing, the cell wall is thin and brittle, and it is difficult to resist external osmotic pressure, causing the bacteria to swell and rupture and die.
Second, the ability to disturb the cell membrane. The cell membrane is the hub of material exchange and energy transfer inside and outside the cell. Some bactericidal antibiotics can change the permeability of the cell membrane, causing important components such as nucleic acid and protein in the cell to leak out. Such as polymyxins, whose molecular structure is lipophilic, can embed in the cell membrane, destroy the integrity of the membrane, and bacteria lose their nutrients and functions, eventually leading to apoptosis.
Third, disrupt the metabolism of nucleic acids. Nucleic acids, which carry the genetic information of microorganisms, are responsible for their growth and reproduction. Bactericidal antibiotics or inhibit enzymes related to nucleic acid synthesis, or combine with nucleic acids to change their conformation. Such as quinolones, which inhibit bacterial DNA gyrase, hinder DNA replication and transcription, and stop the proliferation of bacteria.
Fourth, the synthesis of inhibitory proteins. Proteins are the executors of microbial physiological functions. Bactericidal antibiotics can act on the bacterial ribosome and interfere with its translation process. Aminoglycoside antibiotics bind to the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, causing mRNA code to be mistranslated and abnormal proteins to be synthesized, causing the physiological function of bacteria to be disordered and unable to survive.
In summary, bactericidal antibiotics are a powerful tool for physicians to treat diseases and diseases through various mechanisms to overcome the reproduction of microorganisms. However, they should be used cautiously to avoid the risk of drug resistance.
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